Noninflammable and shockproof hollow vessel



March 7, 1944. M 2,343,470

NONINFLAMMABLE AND SHOC KPROOF HOLLOW VESSEL Filed Sept. 23, 1942 2g 10 h mi I $16 3%! 13 11 i INVENTOR.

:P 1:0 N457 "ax 4 7'7'OPNEY Patented Mar. 7, 1944 2,li i3,470 V AND snocxraoor nonnow VESSEL Leo Nast, Fanwood. N. J., assignor to United Plastics Corporation, New York, N. Y.

Application September 23, 1942, Serial No. 459,366

4 Claims.

This invention relates to hollow vessels. or containers. such as cups or pets, which are heat resistant, non-inflammable and shockproof, and permit heating on an open flame.

Heretoi'ore vessels of this type were made of metal, such as iron, aluminum and copper. These metals are now scarce; substitutes are looked for, and it was quite obvious to use moldable plastic materials for the manufacture of such vessels. However, although there are moldable plastic materials on a phenol formaldehyde basis which.

are heat resistant, non-inflammable and shock proof, they cannot be exposed to an open flame.

The plastic material would neither soften nor burn but be carbonized by the flame and thereby able plastic material.

ticular cups or pots of moldable plastic material which can be exposed to an open flame.

It is a further object of the invention to produce hollow vessels \or containera'in particular ps and pots, of moldable plastic material which is non-inflammhblashock-prooi and heat resistant, and to provide parts of such vessels or containers to be exposed to an open flame with Protective means so as to avoid-the detrimental effects of the flame on the material of the container or vessel.

It is still another object of the invention' to provide a new article of manufacture which, as a unit, mainly consists of moldable plastic material which is heat resistant, non-inflammable and shockproof, and, includes protective means against thedetrimental effects of an open flame upon the vessel or container when exposed to:

It is still a further object of the invention to provide a new article of manufacture which, as a unit, consists mainly of non-inflammable, heat resistant and shockproof moldable plastic ma- 'terial including a phenol formaldehyde basis. the bottom of which is provided and made an be more clearly understood when the speciflca tion proceeds with reference to the drawing in which, by way of exempliflcation, a cup is shownas 'tobe-used by soldiers for receiving warm beverages, and it will be understood that the principles of the invention'shown in-this exemplification can be applied to any other hollow vessel or container suchasa pot which is .open at its In the drawing, Fig. 1 shows such a cup in elevation with parts in cross section, Fig. 2 a top view, Fig. 3 a side elevation with parts in cross section, Fig. 4 on a larger scale a cross section along line 4-4 in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 in elevation a detail of the invention.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the hollow vessel or'cup consists of an outer hollow container In which is molded in a suitable mold of any-suitable shockproof, heat, resistant and non-inflammable plastic moldable material on a phenol formaldehyde basis. This type of plastic material is also known as a thermosetting plastic material which becomes plastic when heated in the mold and solidifies upon continued application of proper heat. Pressure may be applied simultaneously with-heating. After solidification, the material does not become plastic again uopn heating and answers the requirement of being heat resistant, shockproof and non-inflammable. Ordinary plastic materials of this type retain, however, some odor resulting from carbolic acid introduced by the phenol. Therefore, according to the invention, another-cup II is snugly fitted into cup II. also made of moldable plastic material on a. phenol formaldehyde basis to which, however,

' urea is added which renders'the completed materlal odorless. Moreover, moldablepiastic material that contains urea is of a whitish color which is more appealing to the user than the dark and dull color of plastic material on a phenol formaldehyde basis only. As to-the latter, it is understood that any pigment and/or filler, such as finely powdered sand, may be added in order to improve the color of the completed material as well as to save as much of it as possible. In

the same way, some, coloring and saving of the plastic material used for cup II can be obtained.

Cups l0 and II are moldedgseparately, and cup I i after being cooled is inserted into 0111) ll while I .ing of cup It the tight connection of the two sleeved cups is secured.

Cup ll may be cured and thereby fully completed before it is inserted into cup II, or cup .ll may be inserted when cold but before it is fully cured, and in the latter case both sleeved cups will be finally curedtogether. .It is well known 'inthe art of producing objects of mold- This second cup is able plastic material concerned herein, to mold them in the heat and preferably under pressure, take them out of the molds and to complete ouring of the material in suitable heating chambers.

it is understood that the thicknesses of the walls of the cups l and H are to be such that molding is facilitated without waste of material, and sufllcient stillness is given to the completed article. For a cup for soldiers use, the side wall of cup it may be of a thickness of about .09 to .l", the side wall of cup ll of a thickness of about .06" to .07", and the bottoms of the cups either of the same or slightly greater thickness as their side walls. It should also be understood that in the event that color and odor do not afiect the use 0! the vessel, the lining formed by cup H can be omitted and the thickness of the wall 0! cup l0 either kept the same as indicated or equal to the combined wall thicknesses 1 of cups i0 and II.

In order to render the vessel capable of being exposed to the action of a flame playing against its bottom, protective means are provided outside the bottom. They consist in this exempliflcation of the invention of an outside bottom of heat resisting material which is not aiiected by an open flame and conducts the heat uniformly to the bottom proper of the united cups l0, II. This outside bottom consists of a refractory mass or body ll. of finely powdered or granulated sand, ceramics or refractories, etc., or of a shaped and baked coherent ceramic piece. This mass or body is covered on the outside by a hat and shallow metal cup i3 provided with a laterally projecting flange or rim [4. 'An angular ring comprised of a laterally projecting flange i5 and another upright flange i5 is inserted in and integrally connected with the outer cup ID in i -the way shown more clearly in Fig. 4. The ring Tis preferably insertedin the mold in which cup ii) is to be produced so that flange i5 lies flush with the outside surface of the bottom of cup ii) to be produced in the mold while flan e l6 ireely extends into the cavity of the mold. After the plastic material has been introduced into the mold and the latter closed, heat and, if desired, pressure is applied so that the plastic material to form cup I0 is also molded around flange i6. Upon curing and cooling, the plastic material shrinks somewhat and firmly holds flange It. If desired, flange I. may be provided with one or more rows of openings l1 and/or slots l8, as shown in Fig. 5, through which the plasticized material penetrates whereby flange I6 is in addition mechanically anchored in the lower edge portion of cup II.

To the bottom of cup I thus provided with a be permanently united with the cup in the same operation which is used" and necessary for molding cup iii.

The metal cup [3 can be made of any suitable sheet material, such as thin steel, copper,

aluminum, etc., and particularly from waste material. A considerable amount of material required for cup i3 can be saved by giving it a ring-like shape and cutting it out as described above, leaving practically onlythe side portion required for retaining body l2 in place and connecting it with flange i5. Cup l3 can be shaped and cut in one operation in simple mass manufacture.

If loose material is used as a filling for cup l3, it can be introduced and distributed in cup iii in machines well known in the art, permitting simple and inexpensive mass operation. It a coherent body is intended to be used, it can be made of any ceramic or refractory mass admixed with any suitable binder, pressed to shape and baked in well known and inexpensive mass production.

The connection of mass or body [2 and cup i3 with cup In also requires little work and skill, and can be effected in mass production by means of well known rolling or spinning-over machines. If desired, flange i4 must not project beyond flange i5 and the two flanges may be connected by welding or spot welding.

In this manner ultimately a vessel or container is obtained which forms a unitary article of manufacture, the protective bottom l2, l3 being permanently connected with the portable vessel or container. It can be exposed to an open flame without danger of burning and carbonizing the vessel proper. The projecting flanges I 4, i5 also prevent the, hot portion of the flame from playing directly against the side wall of vessel I0,

flange l5 projecting beyond its circumference, I

the protective bottom comprised of mass or body it and metal cup I: is now to be attached. To this end, flange ll of cup I3 is made larger than flange it so that it projects beyond the outer periphery of flange I! in the manner shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, and the projecting portion of flange I4 is then bent back or rolled over flange I! as shown in full lines in Fig. 4.

If a coherent and sufliciently solid body I2 is used, metal may be saved by cutting out the center portion is of cup [3, Fig. 1.

The advantages of the invention will be appreciated. By molding cups II and II, it the latter be used, each in a single piece, any leakage is avoided. Their manufacture in mass production is simple, easy and inexpensive. The connecting member or angular ring 15, i8 can and depending upon the size and intended use of the vessel, flanges l4, l5 and, if they are connected by welding, at least one of them may be measured so as to securely prevent any direct play of the hot portion of the flame against the uncovered sidewall of the vessel or container.

The thickness of the body I! should be such that the intended effect is obtained. If the vesv sel should be exposed to a flame only for the purpose of keeping its fluid content warm, a thinner body or layer of powdery mass sufllces than if the liquid content 01 the vessel should be heated to boiling temperature. In any event, a thickness of the mass or body i2 01 about 25" will suffice. In order to prevent playing 01' the hot part of'the flame'directly a ainst the side wall of cup l0, flanges l4, l5 may project outwardly also i'or about .25".

It is advisable to make the connecting member l5, it of the same metal material as cup l3 so as to secure equal heat expansion and contraction of flanges ll, l5.

However, the invention is not limited to any specific exempliflcation and dimension as hereinbefore mentioned and shown but to be derived in its broadest aspect from the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. As a new article or manufacture, a hollow vessel or container, such as a cup or pot, substantially of organic thermosetting plastic material which is solid and heat resistant at elevated temperatures, non-inflammable and shockprooi but carbonizable in an open flame, substantially comprising a hollow body or said material open at its top and provided with a bottom to be exposed at it; outside to an open flame, protective refractory means arranged at said outside of the bottom,

'terial which is solid and heat resistant at elevated temperatures, non-inflammable and shockproof but carbonizable in an open flame, substantially comprising a hollow body of said material open at its top and provided with a bottom to be exposed at its outside to an open flame, a protective self-supporting plate of refractory material shaped so as to cover said exposed outside of the bottom and to contact it over its outside area, and metallic means as exemplified by a metal ring or cup engaging said plate at its lateral circumference and exposed outside. said metallic means including a projection molded into said body and thereby permanently and integrally connected with it.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a hollow vessel or container, such as a cup or pot, substantially of organic thermosetting plastic material which is solid and heat resistant at elevated temperatures, non-inflammable and shockprooi but carbonizable inan open flame, substantially comprising a hollow body of said material open at its top and provided with a bottom to be exposed at its outside to an open flame, an angular metallic ring including an upright and'another laterally projecting flange, said upright flange molded into said body and thereby permanently and integrally connected with it, said other flange laterally projecting beyond said body, a cup of metal arranged at said outside of the bottom and including a rim permanently connected with said lateral flange, and refractory material within said cup in heat conducting relation to said outside of the bottom.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a hollow vessel or container, such as a cup or p t, substantially consisting of two sleeved hollow bodies each of organic thermosetting plastic material which is solid and heat resistant at elevated temperatures, non-inflammable and shockproof but carbonizable in an open flame, the outer one of said sleeved bodies of thermosetting plastic material on a phenol formaldehyde basis and the inner one of said bodies of thermosetting plastic material on a phenol formaldehyde urea basis,

- said sleevedbodies in intimate contact and permaflange, said upright flange molded into the bottom of the outer one of said sleeved bodies close to its circumference and thereby permanently and integrally connected therewith, a flat and shallow cup of metal of a melting point considerably higher than to which it can be heated by a an open flame, said cup arranged at and extending over said outside of 'the bottom and provided with a rim permanently connected with, such as bent over, said laterally projecting flange, and a refractory mass within said metal cup in heat conducting relation to said bottom and covering its said exposed outside.

LEO NAST. 

